Bio-detergent is a laundry detergent is called as bio-detergents which has microbial isolated enzymes such as thermostable proteases, cellulase, lipases, amylases and alkaline phosphatases. The use of these enzymes in detergents has numerous advantages such as energy saving and replacement of other harmful components. Hence, new improved engineered detergent enzymes such as cellulase, proteases, alkaline phosphatases, lipase and amylases are developed. Routine dirt usually is the mixture of proteins, starches and lipids (eatable, milk, bone and sweat). Using detergents in water (boiling and beating of stained cloths), it shorten the life of cloth along with removal of dirt. Laundry enzymes must be cost-effective and eco-friendly too. Bio-detergents is used for washing as the way common detergents usually performed. . The use of bio-detergents is now common in developed countries with largest single market for enzymes at 25 - 30% of total sales.

The bio-detergents do not produce more irritation than the non-biological products. The inefficiency of non-enzymatic detergents at removing proteins can result in permanent stains due to oxidation and denaturing caused by bleaching and drying. Blood, for example, will leave a rust coloured spot unless it is removed before bleaching.These laundry enzymes are standardized to meet the requirements for performance in detergents by developing its modulated composition. Use of proteases in detergent powder, sometimes, caused skin allergy during washing and this problem was overcome by the binding of enzyme with carboxymethyl cellulose into an inner core of sodium chloride and sugars as which is coated by paraffin oil or polyethylene glycol. This combination of materials both prevents dust formation and protects the enzymes against damage by other detergent components during preservation. These laundry enzymes also have a significant softening effect on the fabric due to the removal of the microfibrils along with dirt particles by cellulase enzyme. Amylases and lipases are commonly used in dishwashing. Because stains are made of different types of molecules, a range of enzymes are needed to break them down. Proteases break down proteins which is present in dirt containing blood, egg, gravy, and other protein stains as well. Amylases break down starches and lipases break down fats and grease. Hence, washing powders usually only contain one type of laundry enzymes to make the modern concept of bio-washing by using bio-detergents.

About Author / Additional Info:
Dr. Kirti Rani Sharma,
Assistant Professor (II),
Amity Institute of Biotechnology,
Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Noida
Sec-125, Gautam Buddha Nagar, Noida-201303 (UP), India.
Office Phone no: +91-120-4392946
Mobile No: +91-9990329492
Email ID: krsharma@amity.edu, Kirtisharma2k@rediffmail.com